Everything for someone, something for everyone.
This is how it could be described at the moment when it was presented to the public 15 years ago Ahtisaari's plan - a document proposing a solution to the status of Kosovo.
"Everything is left of him.
"When I say that, I mean everything that is incorporated into the constitution and laws (of Kosovo), while one part of those things, I won't say much, is unfortunately not implemented," says Goran Bogdanović, vice-president of the Social Democratic Party and former minister for Kosovo and Metohija in the government of Mirko Cvetković, for the BBC in Serbian.
A comprehensive proposal for a solution to the status of Kosovo, as his full name reads, the special envoy of the United Nations - Marti Ahtisaari, was supposed to untie the multi-decade Serbian-Albanian Gordian knot with a series of proposed measures.
Official Belgrade never accepted this plan, while for Kosovo it was the basis for the unilateral declaration of independence that took place on February 17, 2008.
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The BBC in Serbian tried to get in touch with Marti Ahtisaari through his peace foundation, where we were told that the former Finnish president and Nobel Peace Prize laureate had withdrawn from all activities due to illness.
What was Ahtisaari's plan?
Ahtisaari, the then special envoy of the United Nations, in early 2007 stated A comprehensive proposal for a solution to the status of Kosovo.
This document, among other things, foresees broad autonomy for Serbian municipalities, and so-called supervised independence for Kosovo.
"A comprehensive proposal was a temporary measure aimed at stabilizing the war-torn Western Balkans.
"It represented the beginning of the political dialogue between Serbia and Kosovo, not the end," David Phillips, director of the Peacebuilding and Rights Program at Columbia University's Institute for Human Rights in New York, said in a written statement to the BBC in Serbian.
The agreement contains a whole series of provisions, articles and annexes concerning constitutional, judicial, property, security and other measures that would regulate the status of Kosovo.
Ahtisaari's plan is also mentioned in the Declaration of Independence adopted by the Assembly of Kosovo on February 17, 2008, by which Pristina unilaterally declared its separation from Serbia.
In her it says that Kosovo accepts "all international obligations contained in Ahtisaari's plan", and that "the Constitution will include all relevant principles" from the agreement.
And it was after the declaration of Kosovo's independence that the agreement continued to live within the Constitution and its laws.
"Ahtisaari's plan is still fully within the Constitution of Kosovo and so far there have been no changes," Fatmir Seholi, director of the Institute for the Affirmation of Inter-Ethnic Relations from Pristina, said in a written statement for the BBC in Serbian.
"This means that within the constitution it is still as valid and strong as it was when it was implemented".
Seholi believes that this document brought Albanians "independence and the creation of a multi-ethnic society with European standards".
He pointed out that he provided the Serbs in Kosovo with "absolutely every possibility of development and representation at all levels of government, as well as the use of the official language, education, media representation through the public service RTK 2 in the Serbian language".
The Serbian community also "enabled the development and improvement of human rights, decentralization, as well as the protection of religious and cultural heritage", this political analyst assesses.
"In Kosovo, monasteries, churches and everything else that is connected with religious and cultural heritage are extremely valued, and in this sense, Kosovo has proven that it values European standards," Seholi believes.
(Un)implemented points of the agreement
The sixty pages of Ahtisaari's plan contain numerous articles, measures and provisions, as well as 12 annexes that, among other things, refer to the rights of communities and their members, the establishment of new municipalities, the judicial system, foreign debt, security, international military and civilian presence.
Thus, for example, the constitutional provisions are regulated by Annex I and according to its article 3 - Serbs have ten guaranteed seats in the Assembly of Kosovo.
That provision is still in force today.
"Regardless of the number of Serbs participating in the parliamentary elections, the Serbian community will have ten out of a total of 120 deputies in the Assembly of Kosovo," says Seholi.
U The solution it also says that the Constitution must ensure the participation of Serbs in the Government of Kosovo.
"Regardless of whether they are in a coalition with the ruling majority or not, according to the Constitution, they are entitled to one ministerial and two deputy ministerial positions," he points out.
For the Serbian community, the most important points of the program, among others, concerned the protection of human and community rights, decentralization, and the protection and preservation of cultural-historical and religious heritage.
David Phillips emphasizes that the key principle of Ahtisaari's plan was precisely "the preservation and protection of cultural heritage".
"Special emphasis is also placed on decentralization and community control over their local self-governments, economy and cultural practices", according to the American analyst.
Goran Bogdanović, former Serbian minister and deputy, as an example of one of the provisions from Solutions which was carried out states the formation of new municipalities.
"The first local elections in Kosovo in 2009 were also organized in the municipalities south of the Ibar, so that part was applied even then."
However, he believes that not all of the provisions of Ahtisaari's plan have been implemented and that even today some of them have not been implemented in practice.
"If you do not respect basic human rights - language, writing, freedom of movement, protection of churches, monasteries, cultural and historical monuments, then something is wrong.
"And that is actually crucial so that the Serbs could feel as safe as possible in the area of Kosovo and Metohija," he points out.
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Official Belgrade never accepted Ahtisaari's plan, and Bogdanović believes that the main obstacle was "the attitude that Kosovo should get supervised independence".
"The independence of Kosovo that was foreseen by the whole plan, that is, the so-called supervised independence, was disputed.
"As for the other provisions, I think it was relatively good and acceptable for the Serbian community in Kosovo and Metohija," adds the former minister.
Bogdanović says that by signing the Brussels Agreement in 2013, the Serbian authorities verified some provisions from Ahtisaari's plan, such as "judiciary, police and other attributes of statehood".
The first agreement on the principles of normalization of relations between Belgrade and Pristina, better known as the Brussels Agreement, was signed in April 2013 by the then Prime Ministers of Serbia and Kosovo, Ivica Dacic and Hashim Thaci, with the mediation of the European Union (EU) represented by High Representative Catherine Ashton.
One of the key provisions of the agreement is the formation Communities of Serbian municipalities (ZSO) in Kosovo, conceived as a mechanism for the protection of the Serbian population.
Self-determination against Ahtisaari's plan
The decision on the status of Kosovo proposed by the former Finnish president was not liked by all Kosovo Albanians.
Supporters of the Self-Determination movement of the current Prime Minister of Kosovo, Aljbin Kurti, took to the streets of Pristina on February 10, 2007.
Kurti's supporters believed that the plan did not ensure the complete independence of Kosovo.
In clashes with the Romanian police of UNMICA - the United Nations Temporary Administrative Mission in Kosovo - two activists, Arben Dželadini and Mon Balaj, were killed.
The Self-Determination movement is also on February 10 through a series of activities marked the 15th anniversary of this event.
International presence
Ahtisaari's plan implied an international military and civilian presence, and the formation of new bodies and functions.
Thus, the International Steering Group was established, which consisted of key foreign actors who also appointed an International Civilian Representative, seeking the approval of the UN Security Council.
The same official also performed the function of Special Representative of the European Union, appointed by the Council of the EU - Dutch diplomat Peter Feith.
His role was to oversee the implementation of Ahtisaari's plan and support the efforts of the Kosovo authorities.
"Monitoring of independence was abolished in September 2012, and since then the international community has been present only in the form of UNMIK, EULEX and KFOR," explains Goran Bogdanović.
The work of the International Steering Group then ceased, and by the end of the year, the International Civilian Representative, while the function of the EU Special Representative still exists.
Fatmir Seholi says that EULEX - the European Rule of Law Mission - is still "a very important factor in advising Kosovo institutions in the implementation of reform in the judicial system".
Ahtisaari's plan also defined the international military presence established by NATO "in order to provide support in the implementation of the Decision".
"The main factor of stability and the main mechanism for preserving the sovereignty and integrity of Kosovo is NATO through KFOR in Kosovo, with the support of the Kosovo army," Seholi believes.
KFOR - international armed peacekeeping forces led by NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) entered Kosovo on June 12, 1999.
It was three days after the signing of the Kumanovo Agreement, which ended the NATO bombing of the then Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and two days after the adoption of Resolution 1244 in the UN Security Council.
Resolution 1244 followed after the then Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic agreed to the conditions proposed by Marti Ahtisaari and former Russian Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin, the most significant of which was the withdrawal of the then Yugoslav Army from Kosovo.
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What future awaits Ahtisaari's plan?
David Phillips, a former foreign policy adviser to former Kosovo President Hashim Thaci, says that Ahtisaari's plan paved Kosovo's path to independence and paved the way for sustainable solutions.
"Symmetry is essential for sustainable peace. There is no place for moral equivalence when there is a victim and an aggressor.
"Measures are needed to address the cultural protection and promotion of Albanians and other minorities in Serbia," says the analyst.
Also, he believes that widespread prejudices against ethnic Albanians represent an additional challenge on the road to reconciliation.
Fatmir Seholi believes that Ahtisaari's plan was a compromise for the declaration of Kosovo's independence, which has "evolved to a great extent since then".
"Now is the time to seriously and instructively think about whether the time has come to change the Constitution of Kosovo with the aim of improving it and aligning it even more with European values," concludes the political analyst from Pristina.
Thursdayten years after the declaration of independence, Kosovo was recognized by about 100 countries. However, the exact number is not known.
Pristina cites a figure of 117 countries, and in Belgrade they say that there are far fewer.
Among the countries of the European Union that have not recognized Kosovo are Spain, Slovakia, Cyprus, Greece and Romania, and when it comes to world powers, they are Russia, China, Brazil and India.
Since 2008, Kosovo has become a member of several international organizations, such as the IMF, the World Bank and FIFA, but not the United Nations.
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