What to say at the very beginning on this topic? We are facing climate (temperature) changes, which can significantly change our established way of life and improve the living conditions of people on the planet. It seems to me that for the present moment it is important to remind in two sentences:
(1) Where is Montenegro today in the field of food production in relation to the region and Europe?
(2) What is the degree of food self-sufficiency from self-reproduction?
May I be allowed to say that the ongoing reproduction and development of food production in Montenegro has been taking place for several decades more by inertia than by a predetermined concept (agrarian policy), which would rest on respect for natural and market laws in our country, on the one hand, and on the other, the scientific achievements and practice of agriculturally developed countries in Europe and the world. That fact alone says enough why Montenegro has been pinned to the bottom of the scale of agriculturally developed countries of the old continent for too long? Anyone interested in this issue, either in breadth or in depth, can look at the book: Agriculture and rural development in Montenegro - Essays on the past and future (author: Čedomir Marović).
If there is a more complete - other document on this issue, I don't know about it? Otherwise I would be happy to recommend it.
Essentially, when it comes to climate change, it is a matter of serious concern for both international institutions (UN and others) and countries that achieve high levels in the field of food production.
Contrary to what has been highlighted, in countries lagging behind in the field of scientific and technological development (traditional structure of food production, low labor productivity and uncompetitiveness on the market), it is as if there are no warnings from the highest scientific and political addresses in the world, that in the coming period it will be increasingly difficult to overcome the increase temperature shocks on basic agricultural production. The facts point out that agriculture is the most susceptible to the harmful effects of climate (temperature) changes (UN, Panel IPCC and others).
In countries with developed agrarian economies, professional and scientific institutions and official policy have their hands full on this front.
Ought innovations as ready as possible to meet climate (temperature) changes, which threaten to face half of the world's humanity with a drastic food shortage by 2050!
World-renowned experts in this field warn that, if the temperature were to rise by only two degrees, it would be very difficult for the agricultural sector to cope with extreme weather conditions, such as droughts and floods, which directly and permanently undermine the population's food supply, on the one hand, and on the other, undermine the already weak economic and social stability of less developed countries.
Therefore, the harsh warning of the UN - IPCC should be understood as a call to humanity to quickly find out innovative solutions, which would be capable of facing drastic changes in the field of traditional food production and people's lifestyle!
With this statement, scientists warn, they are particularly powerful dva questions:
(a) The obligations of the states, which are on the front line of climate impacts, to adapt to the new temperature regime since it has seriously entered our lives, in order to provide enough food and some sort of sustainability of its production;
(B) World authorities warn that those countries that are least equipped and adapted to the coming changes will be most affected; especially small farmers in the south and central zones. Those locations are most affected by temperature changes, which is why the profession and science should help in finding a new structure and technology of food production, which is unknown to us until now.
In this situation, the scientists point out, the most important thing is how to increase activity in the field of innovative activity (with knowledge and financial support) in order to ensure a tolerable overcoming of climate extremes.
It is a plebiscite call to the profession, science and politics to immediately start a dialogue on this and other topics, which are hindering progress towards the agriculturally developed countries of the world. It is unsustainable to remain silent and wait for solutions to come by themselves, which would cause incalculable consequences in the area in question!
Finally, for the beginning of such conversations, in my opinion, they are imposed as priorities tri questions:
(a) An objective assessment of the state of Montenegrin agriculture and rural economy;
(B) How and with what methods and measures to approach solving the technological-technical lag and the uncompetitiveness of our production on the market i
(C) Definition of an innovative program of activities in the agrarian economy of Montenegro, as a necessity for overcoming climate (temperature) impacts on own food production.
It should not be forgotten that agricultural producers in Montenegro (farmers) use the least amount of water in dry periods compared to the countries of the western sphere? Agrarian policy in Montenegro has been silent for an unacceptably long time about this problem, in contrast to the water wealth that our country has?!
The author is an agrarian economist and specialist in agricultural and rural policy
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