Each woman can have different causes that lead to polycystic ovary syndrome. Symptoms are associated with the appearance of cysts, menstrual cycle disorders and other changes caused by hormonal imbalance such as acne and hairiness.
What are polycystic ovaries?
Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common hormonal disease in women and the most common cause of ovulation failure. The name comes from the appearance of the ovary on which there are numerous cysts. In addition, the ovaries are usually twice as large as normal, with a tense gray-white surface under which there are five to 15 mm cysts in the crust. It is estimated that five to 10 percent of women in the fertile period suffer from this disease.
How is the diagnosis of polycystic ovaries established?
The diagnosis of polycystic ovaries is made by a combination of clinical, ultrasound and laboratory hormone findings. Clinical findings include information about the woman's symptoms, her previous and family illnesses, and the examination.
However, for establishing a safe diagnosis, the most reliable is an ultrasound examination. Transvaginal ultrasound (ultrasound examination with a probe) can reliably measure and analyze details in the ovary.
What are the symptoms of polycystic ovaries?
If you want to stay in a different state, you need to reduce your body weight.
Symptoms that may indicate polycystic ovaries are:
• reduced number of periods or their absence
• accumulation of fatty tissue in the abdominal area (the so-called male obesity type)
• increased hairiness
• acne
• hair loss
• oily skin
• obesity
Do polycystic ovaries interfere with conception?
Some women who have polycystic ovaries may have a reduced chance of conceiving, while for others it is not a problem. However, if you have a problem with fertility due to this disease, you can successfully achieve the desired offspring through in vitro fertilization.
What are the risks of polycystic ovaries?
If you have polycystic ovaries, you should regularly go to gynecological and other medical examinations because this disease is associated with a number of risks:
• spontaneous abortions are two to three times more common
• diseases of the heart and blood vessels are seven times more common
• the risk of developing diabetes is 16 percent higher
• high blood pressure occurs in 40 percent of female patients
• there is a higher risk of getting ovarian tumors
• later menopause
• various uterine bleedings
• disorder of blood fat levels
• anemia
How are polycystic ovaries treated?
Approaches to the treatment of polycystic ovaries are different because the symptoms also differ from woman to woman. However, if you have polycystic ovaries and want to stay in a different state, the most important thing is to reduce your body weight. It has been proven that a weight reduction of five percent can lead to the normalization of the menstrual cycle and the re-establishment of ovulation, which increases fertility. In addition, you should increase physical activity, stop smoking and drinking alcohol.
Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome is individual and will depend on whether the patient wants pregnancy or not. Therapy depends on age, exact cycle disorder and insulin level. First of all, the doctor will recommend getting rid of excess weight and excess weight. So far, therapies have shown that many symptoms are reduced after regulating body weight. It is important to know that polycystic ovary syndrome can never be completely cured, but only kept under control.
Oral contraception and progesterone are used in patients who do not ovulate and do not want pregnancy. This reduces the risk of hyperplasia and edmonetrial cancer. In women who do not want to get pregnant, the symptoms of hairiness and acne will be reduced by using contraceptives because it reduces the effect of the male hormone testosterone. Therapy must be carried out for at least six months in order to see results.
For women who have a problem with polycystic ovaries and want to get pregnant, it is necessary to stimulate ovulation. In order to achieve this, the gynecologist monitors follicle growth with ultrasound and then determines the time of ovulation and advises the time of the intended intercourse. If the patient's insulin level is elevated or glucose tolerance is impaired, mefmorphine, a good diet and constant physical activity can be used. This must be carried out under the constant supervision of gynecologists and endocrinologists, reports Nezavisne.
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